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==Easy Reading==
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==Easy Reading==  
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*[https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/arts-letters/articles/ivy-league-exodus "Ivy League Exodus"] of Jews.
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*[https://www.reddit.com/r/CapitalismVSocialism/comments/7dwc4n/the_russian_loan_attributed_to_karl_marx_new_york/ "The Russian Question,"] the anti-semitic essay.
 +
 
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*[https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1437&context=nlr  The Decline of the Socratic Method at Harvard,"] by Orin Kerr.
 +
 
 +
*[https://www.maths.ed.ac.uk/~v1ranick/papers/wigner.pdf THe Unreasonaable Effectiveiness of Mathematics,"] Wigner.
 +
 
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*[https://gizmodo.com/for-20-years-the-nuclear-launch-code-at-us-minuteman-si-1473483587/amp?__twitter_impression=true "For-20-years-the-nuclear-launch-code-at-us-minuteman-siloes," ]
 +
 
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*[https://www-journals-uchicago edu.proxyiub.uits.iu.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/261900 Revisiting Ramseyer: The Chicago School of Law and Economics Comes to Japan] Jan 2021  Craig Freedman  Luke R. Nottage
 +
 
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* "South side blues: An oral history of the Chicago school"
 +
December 2010Journal of the History of Economic Thought 32(04):495-530
 +
CRAIG FREEDMAN
 +
 
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*[https://www.thespiritlife.net/facets/devotional/61-motivated/motivated-publications/630-evangelism-through-networking "Evangleism Through Netowrking,"] Timothy Keller.
 +
 
 +
*[https://www.ias.edu/sites/default/files/library/UsefulnessHarpers.pdf "The Usefulness of Uselesss Research,"] Flexner (1939). GOOD read.
 +
 
 +
*[https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/stantcheva/files/How_to_run_surveys_Stantcheva.pdf Stancheva on surveys]
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*[https://www.catb.org/esr/faqs/smart-questions.html How to ask computer questions]
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*[https://www.academia.edu/36129325/Silent_Sounds_Musical_Iconography_in_a_Fifteenth_Century_Hebrew_Prayer_Book_in_Susan_Boynton_and_Diane_J_Reilly_eds_Resounding_Images_Medieval_Intersections_of_Art_Music_and_Sound_Brepols_2015_ Suzie's medieval manuscript article]
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*[https://twitter.com/davidharsanyi/status/1590130321076654080 MSNBC and Shostokovich.]
 +
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*  https://twitter.com/culturaltutor/status/1587171308755996672
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*  https://docs.google.com/document/d/1X8bo1qQsdfxYccG-zNuC1akqSz5K1d7SXr7MAz58JGY/edit
 +
   
 +
*  https://tocharus.substack.com/p/peku-and-the-worlds-first-coins
 +
 
 +
* https://www.theguardian.com/society/2022/nov/20/gambling-addiction-tennis-bet365-online-betting-hannah-jane-parkinson?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other
 +
 
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*    https://twitter.com/chancery_daily/status/1592155452569440258
 +
 
 +
*  https://twitter.com/culturaltutor/status/1585493134842204161
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*  https://twitter.com/AndyGrewal/status/1585077777438773248
 +
 
 +
* https://www.palladiummag.com/2021/10/11/the-triumph-and-terror-of-wang-huning/
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*  https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TDaMD41hXU3fxj8Yrmg1j2MEW29G6GP6/view
 +
 
 +
*  https://terrytao.wordpress.com/career-advice/theres-more-to-mathematics-than-rigour-and-proofs/comment-page-4/#comment-660139
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* https://twitter.com/monitoringbias/status/1590106995990089731
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* https://thezvi.substack.com/p/whats-the-deal-with-elon-musk-and
 +
 
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* https://americanreformer.org/2022/11/polling-political-parties/
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 +
* https://theworthyhouse.com/2019/06/17/built-the-hidden-stories-behind-our-structures-roma-agrawal/
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* https://www.newsweek.com/erecting-wall-separation-between-tech-state-opinion-1757891
 +
 
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* https://americanreformer.org/2022/11/polling-political-parties/
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* https://newsroom.unsw.edu.au/news/science-tech/japan%E2%80%99s-tsunami-reaction-shows-lessons-learned-past-disasters
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* https://www.alamy.com/everglades-national-park-florida-rock-reef-pass-elevation-3-feet-on-image67023473.html
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* https://www.sciencenews.org/article/canaanite-comb-lice-israel-alphabet
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*https://www.tabletmag.com/collections/wokeness-social-justice-cancel-culture
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*https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2015-paul-ford-what-is-code/
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* https://fa.bianp.net/blog/2022/russian-roulette/
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*https://deliverypdf.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=400020126087064101115093084065127010096068026065069063076084017102112030127116101127028021100056061044043005100120097112093107049022017012058021014079124070125070030073087060026100076117127027031007113080068070124106007104025123103088084011095093017120&EXT=pdf&INDEX=TRUE
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*https://deliverypdf.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=420125003002077013091004082072112092096020034023025001122075003066081028031115006071005059060034023051016028107102122007071006046078006069052027072094015070016123075021018062084071122004023023075116108099092126001100026100070075122093025123114074126084&EXT=pdf&INDEX=TRUE
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*https://theworthyhouse.com/2019/04/16/on-francisco-franco/
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*https://twitter.com/Pennthusiast/status/1580902202494701569
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 +
*https://twitter.com/ProfEricTalley/status/1568094622726987776
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*[https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/book-review-contest-2022-winners  Astralcodex book review contest winners]
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*[https://www-cambridge-org.proxyiub.uits.iu.edu/core/journals/macroeconomic-dynamics/article/an-interview-with-paul-a-samuelson/27D1B2FC3BDBD93E211E5210A2D911CD Samuelson on postwar economic history of thought] (2003 or so)
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*[https://www.welt.de/wissenschaft/article1842940/Warum-die-Sueddeutschen-besser-sind.html German article on south erus noth German farms and modern prosperity]
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*[https://razib.substack.com/p/hungarians-as-the-ghost-of-the-magyar?s=w Rzib on Magyars]
 +
 
 +
*''Chessman v. Nainby,'' 93 Eng. Rep. 819, 821 (1726) (find it)
 +
 
 +
*[https://www.scribd.com/document/49102936/Leo-Strauss-Remarks-at-Farewell-to-E-C-Banfield-on-Departure-from-Chicago-1959 Strauss on Banfield (1959)]READ
 +
 
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*[https://reason.com/volokh/2022/01/21/will-the-en-banc-9th-circuit-extend-the-second-amendments-losing-streak-to-51-cases/  Gun control 9th Circuit faux en banc opinion]READ
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*[https://www.aei.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Murray%20Intelligence.pdf Murray on going to college] (after his book was publisehd)
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*[https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2014/02/how-to-save-marriage-in-america/283732/  Rich peopel get married] Atlatnic, (2022)
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*[https://www.mindingthecampus.org/2022/03/17/unmasking-the-campaign-against-white-supremacy-culture-in-science/  "Unmasking the Campaign against “White Supremacy Culture” in Science"] (2022) Minding the Campus.
 +
 
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*[https://iea.org.uk/north-koreas-western-fellow-travellers/ "North Korea’s Western fellow travellers,"] KRISTIAN NIEMIETZ 29 SEPTEMBER 2017.
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*[https://thefederalist.com/2022/03/18/spygate-101-a-primer-on-the-russia-collusion-hoaxs-years-long-plot-to-take-down-trump/ pygate-101-a-primer-on-the-russia-collusion-hoaxs-years-long-plot-to-take-down-trump], Margot Cleveland, March 2022.
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*[https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4060431 Vischer on Christian Nationalism being opposed to the rule of law,] probably a  stupid article worth reading to understand the liberal mindset.
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*[https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/03/21/literatures-most-controversial-nobel-laureate PeterHandke, literatures-most-controversial-nobel-laureate ] New Yorker (2022).
 +
 
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*[http://www.harvard.edu/president/speeches/summers_2003/prayer.php Summers, Lawrence H. 2003. “Economics and Moral Questions.” Morning Prayers address, Memorial Church, September  15. Reprinted in ''Harvard Magazine,'' November–December 2003.]
 +
 
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*[https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/17/magazine/ancient-dna-paleogenomics.html DNA in the South Pacific]
 +
 
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*[https://quillette.com/2020/01/04/build-your-own-intellectual-oasis/ Bill Frezza "Build Your Own Intellectual Oasis,"]
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*[https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/jep.27.4.121 Sandel JEP on altruisma and economics]
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*Mann’s most important commentary on Wagner was an address to the Goethe Society of Munich in February 1933 on the fiftieth anniversary of the composer’s death. Entitled 'The Sufferings and Greatness of Richard Wagner',
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*[https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3908595 New Formalism], Paul Miller, Notre Dame.
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*[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/afghanistan-military-officials-distracted-woke-issues?fbclid=IwAR1CNfgX_YU7tbty4qJVfzYlbTkXHItaF2fcWvsCWXB-vrPEsJdf3gU21ok  Afghanistan-military-officials-distracted-woke-issues?]
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*[https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-1392/185344/20210729162610813_Dobbs%20Amicus%20FINAL%20PDFA.pdf Jonathan Mitchell] amicus to SC on an abortion case in 2021]
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*[https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3839768 Salop on vertical merger guidelines.] Looks wrong; if so, needs refuting.
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*[https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/peer-review-request-depression Astral Codex Ten on Depression]
 +
 
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*[https://vita.had.co.nz/papers/boxplots.pdf Boxplots]
 +
 
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*[https://www.res.org.uk/resources-page/res2021-lunchtime-chat-the-state-of-economic-science.html Coyle and Tirole  podcast] (2021)
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*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_neutrality_in_languages_with_grammatical_gender#Hebrew "Gender_neutrality_in_languages_with_grammatical_gender,"]
 +
 
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*[https://www.irishtimes.com/news/zimbabwe-s-banana-left-legacy-of-disgrace-1.392631 "Zimbabwe's Banana left legacy of disgrace," Mark Steyn, Nov 17, 2003, and  the [https://twitter.com/whyvert/status/1395491031420915713 ''Economist'' obituary], and [https://nehandaradio.com/2020/11/18/canaan-bananas-son-michael-collapses-and-dies-in-the-uk/ his son], the fraudster. 
 +
 
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*  [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3714750 Sunstein's paper] on Hayek and pscyhology.
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*[https://poseidon01.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=261087081122066127114071098095108071052087053042027060078069091126091092081027009022019114028045009056121073013118004101000027098080071048000104079091115023106017109028073060091097102074117105122030115083106076023123064126091118031027092015115006071020&EXT=pdf&INDEX=TRUE "UNDERSTANDING THE MISUNDERSTOOD: MAPPING THE SCOPE OF A DEITY’S RIGHTS IN INDIA ,"]  Anujay Shrivastava & Yashowardhan Tiwari :
 +
"It has been recognized that an idol of a Hindu Temple is a juridical person
 +
or juristic entity18 and is often commonly referred to as a “deity”.19 The title
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to properties and endowments can vest in deities such as a Hindu idol, who
 +
has to act through a human agency (such as the Shebait).20 A Hindu idol not
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only has the power of suing and being sued, but can be treated as an
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“individual” who can be assessed for tax liability."
 +
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*[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-05-05/how-jeff-bezos-beat-the-tabloids-the-untold-story-of-money-sex-and-power "The Untold Story of How Jeff Bezos Beat the Tabloids: When a gossip rag went after the CEO, he retaliated with the brutal, brilliant efficiency he used to build his business empire. In an exclusive excerpt from the new book Amazon Unbound comes an unrivaled tale of money, sex, and power."] ''Bloomberg.''
 +
 
 
*[https://www.cracked.com/blog/6-types-apologies-that-arent-apologies-at-all/  "6 Types of Apologies That Aren't Apologies at All,"] ''Cracked'' (2012).  
 
*[https://www.cracked.com/blog/6-types-apologies-that-arent-apologies-at-all/  "6 Types of Apologies That Aren't Apologies at All,"] ''Cracked'' (2012).  
  
*[https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3836060 "The Islamic Waqf: Instrument of Unequal Security, Worldly and Otherworldly,"  29 Apr 2021 Fatih Serkant Adiguzel  and Timur Kuran.
+
*[https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3836060 "The Islamic Waqf: Instrument of Unequal Security, Worldly and Otherworldly,"  29 Apr 2021, Fatih Serkant Adiguzel  and Timur Kuran.
  
 
*[https://www.connecticutmag.com/issues/features/how-the-coming-of-a-conservative-midwestern-college-divided-a-small-ct-town/article_3b86fb78-e3d6-11ea-8eda-53fc5dea576b.html "How the coming of a conservative Midwestern college divided a small CT town: S. Prestley Blake, the co-founder of the Friendly's restaurant chain, donated his Somers estate to Michigan's Hillsdale College. The school has grand plans to open an adult-learning center on the property, whose centerpiece is a replica of Thomas Jefferson's Monticello. But questions about the school's religious bona fides which pushed the deal through have left a bad taste in some residents' mouths,"] ''Connecticut Magazine,''  Christopher Hoffman Aug 26, 2020.
 
*[https://www.connecticutmag.com/issues/features/how-the-coming-of-a-conservative-midwestern-college-divided-a-small-ct-town/article_3b86fb78-e3d6-11ea-8eda-53fc5dea576b.html "How the coming of a conservative Midwestern college divided a small CT town: S. Prestley Blake, the co-founder of the Friendly's restaurant chain, donated his Somers estate to Michigan's Hillsdale College. The school has grand plans to open an adult-learning center on the property, whose centerpiece is a replica of Thomas Jefferson's Monticello. But questions about the school's religious bona fides which pushed the deal through have left a bad taste in some residents' mouths,"] ''Connecticut Magazine,''  Christopher Hoffman Aug 26, 2020.
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*[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1558729 "John W. Tukey: His Life and Professional Contributions,"  David R. Brillinger, ''The Annals of Statistics'' , Dec., 2002, Vol. 30, No. 6 (Dec., 2002), pp. 1535-1575.
 
*[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1558729 "John W. Tukey: His Life and Professional Contributions,"  David R. Brillinger, ''The Annals of Statistics'' , Dec., 2002, Vol. 30, No. 6 (Dec., 2002), pp. 1535-1575.
 
   
 
   
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worse_is_better "Worse Is Better'']
+
 
 
 
*[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=SPG8qJGs0OwC&oi=fnd&pg=PA219&dq=If+freud+or+marx+elster&ots=VLPLuj-Uj2&sig=asMrkSKT6LTYNaCuTwBT0mEAsC8#v=onepage&q=If%20freud%20or%20marx%20elster&f=false "If Marx or Freud Had Never Lived,"] Jon Elster (2011).
 
  
 
*G. A. Cohen, [https://link-springer-com.proxyiub.uits.iu.edu/content/pdf/10.1023/A:1009836317343.pdf  "If You’re an Egalitarian, How Come You’re so Rich?,"] ''Journal of Ethics'' 4, no. 1–2 (2000): 1–26.
 
*G. A. Cohen, [https://link-springer-com.proxyiub.uits.iu.edu/content/pdf/10.1023/A:1009836317343.pdf  "If You’re an Egalitarian, How Come You’re so Rich?,"] ''Journal of Ethics'' 4, no. 1–2 (2000): 1–26.
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==Hard Reading==
 
==Hard Reading==
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*[http://pme-math.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/pme100problemspart2formatted4.pdf  some math probelms] (2014)
 +
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*[https://deliverypdf.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=479004100026076000091017123125114090024069085080028027023055100059057025070050019052008014122078091118006110035007056114012070064126099101109069020084121105065067086114068016069107087113078001087&EXT=pdf&INDEX=TRUE Heckman-co-author aritlce on causal analysis, Morris-Rubin, and computer sicene]
 +
 +
*[https://statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu/2023/05/02/carl-morris-man-out-of-time-reflections-on-empirical-bayes-2/ Carl Morris, Gelman]
 +
 +
*[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2124768 Lucas review of Keyens book]
 +
 +
*[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0167223179900393 Lucas  OECD article]
 +
*[https://realpython.com/python-histograms/ Python histograms,"] RealPython.com.
 +
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*[https://outofmydepths.com/2020/12/31/a-divine-and-supernatural-light-by-jonathan-edwards/ Divine Light] sermon of Jonathan Edwards
 +
 +
*[https://osf.io/ygw8e/ Andrew Little on Persuasion] (2022)
 +
 +
*[https://www.fox.temple.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Efron-2020-JASA-wdiscussion.pdf Efron 2020 survey]
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 +
*[https://deliverypdf.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=167106127002030067067102022103008089022020095078034062005090091014029070004000025117052006044120112038124031097114016071023096041091082060074091011066016103123004006003112012121117083123004106024016066095085019066117021026127102002108097124002084&EXT=pdf&INDEX=TRUE John Lott on 2020 election] and
 +
[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/No-evidence-for-systematic-voter-fraud%3A-A-guide-to-Eggers-Garro/1fe01cea7962e678037725baa837c3dcbaa14d9c Eggers and Grimmer and somone] (2021) on the other side.
 +
 +
 +
 +
*[https://arxiv.org/pdf/1809.09328.pdf Bergstrom et al.  on diamond plots vs. rectangle plots]
 +
 +
*[http://econphd.econwiki.com/notes.htm Lecture Notes Online] link page. 
 +
 +
*[https://sites.duke.edu/collardwexler/files/2015/01/predation_sugar_industry.pdf  "Predation and its rate of return: the sugar ndustry, 1887-1914], RAND Journal,  David Genesove, Wallace P. Mullin .
 +
 +
*[https://poseidon01.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=933078022002122097005123100109005112015082062038033030120099095096069090097009089085034019003061029120125092110013095020076065021059074001067096066002024126122071004052039021006022016108112118119031025081011067015075003014011088107102110110122020092025&EXT=pdf&INDEX=TRUE  "The Economic Geography of Global Warming,"]  José Luis Cruz and Esteban Rossi-Hansberg (OCTOBER 2021).
 +
 +
*[https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0034731 "Executive Functions Predict the Success of Top-Soccer Players,] Torbjörn Vestberg,Roland Gustafson,Liselotte Maurex,Martin Ingvar,Predrag Petrovic , April 4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0034731.
 +
 
*[https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/7350252#page=11 "Usable Resistan.t/Robust Techniques of Analysis,"] John W. Tukey (1975).  
 
*[https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/7350252#page=11 "Usable Resistan.t/Robust Techniques of Analysis,"] John W. Tukey (1975).  
  
 
*[https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-statistics-031219-041051 "Statistical Significance,"] ''Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application'', D. R. Cox (2020).  
 
*[https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-statistics-031219-041051 "Statistical Significance,"] ''Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application'', D. R. Cox (2020).  
 +
 +
*Henry Kyburg, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/30226172  "Subjective Probability: Criticisms, Reflections, and Problems"] .
 +
 +
*Henry Kyburg, "Are there Degrees of Belief?" ''Journal of Applied Logic,'' 1(3-4), 139-149, 2003.
 +
 +
*Henry Kyburg, "Keynes as Philosopher" ''History of Political Economy,'' 27 (Supplement): 7–32, 1995.
  
 
*Dostoevsky, [https://rvb.ru/dostoevski/01text/vol14/03journal_81/337.htm "II. ВОЗМОЖНО ЛЬ У НАС СПРАШИВАТЬ ЕВРОПЕЙСКИХ ФИНАНСОВ?"] probably use Google translate.  
 
*Dostoevsky, [https://rvb.ru/dostoevski/01text/vol14/03journal_81/337.htm "II. ВОЗМОЖНО ЛЬ У НАС СПРАШИВАТЬ ЕВРОПЕЙСКИХ ФИНАНСОВ?"] probably use Google translate.  
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*[https://emilkirkegaard.dk/en/2021/02/recent-evidence-on-dysgenic-trends-february-2021/ "Recent evidence on dysgenic trends (February 2021) "]
 
*[https://emilkirkegaard.dk/en/2021/02/recent-evidence-on-dysgenic-trends-february-2021/ "Recent evidence on dysgenic trends (February 2021) "]
  
*[http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~gelman/research/published/standardizing7.pdf "Scaling regression inputs by dividing by two standard deviations," ]STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
+
*[http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~gelman/research/published/standardizing7.pdf "Scaling regression inputs by dividing by two standard deviations," ]STATISTICS IN MEDICINE Statist. Med. 2008; 27:2865–2873 Published online 24 October 2007 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/sim.3107. Andrew Gelman.
Statist. Med. 2008; 27:2865–2873
 
Published online 24 October 2007 in Wiley InterScience
 
(www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/sim.3107.
 
Andrew Gelman∗,†
 
  
*[https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/aer.20170279 "Religion, Division of Labor, and Conflict: Anti-semitism in Germany over 600 Years"],
+
*[https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/aer.20170279 "Religion, Division of Labor, and Conflict: Anti-semitism in Germany over 600 Years"], Sascha O. Becker Luigi Pascali
Sascha O. Becker
 
Luigi Pascali
 
  
*[https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3757669|"If You Grant It, They Will Come: The Enduring Legal Legacy of Migratory Divorce"
+
*[https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3757669| "If You Grant It, They Will Come: The Enduring Legal Legacy of Migratory Divorce"61 Pages 22 Jan 2021, Michael J. Higdon.
61 Pages
 
Posted: 22 Jan 2021
 
Michael J. Higdon
 
  
*Henry E. Smith,[http://www.law.harvard.edu/programs/olin_center/papers/pdf/Smith_1051.pdf  "Equity as Meta-Law, "] 12/2020; forthcoming in Yale Law Journal.
+
*Henry E. Smith, [http://www.law.harvard.edu/programs/olin_center/papers/pdf/Smith_1051.pdf  "Equity as Meta-Law, "] 12/2020; forthcoming in Yale Law Journal.
 
Abstract: With the merger of law and equity almost complete, the idea of equity as a special part of our legal system or a mode of decision-making has fallen out of view. This Article argues that much of equity is best understood as performing a vital function. Equity and related parts of the law solve complex and uncertain problems—including interdependent behavior and misuses of legal rules by opportunists—and do so in a characteristic fashion: as meta-law. From unconscionability to injunctions, equity makes reference to, supplements, and sometimes overrides the result that law would otherwise produce, while primary law operates without reference to equity. Equity operates on a domain of fraud, accident, and mistake, and employs triggers such as bad faith and disproportionate hardship to toggle into a “meta”-mode of more open-ended scrutiny. This Article provides a theoretical account of how a hybrid law, consisting of relatively simple and general primary-level law and relatively intense and directed second-order equity can regulate behavior better through these specialized modes than would homogeneous law alone. The Article tests this theory on the ostensibly most unpromising aspects of equity, the traditional equitable maxims, as well as equitable fraud, defenses, and remedies. Equity as meta-law sheds light on how the fusion of law and equity spawned multifactor balancing tests, polarized interpretation, and led to the confusion of equity with standards, discretion, purely public law, and “mere” remedies. Viewing equity as meta-law also improves on the tradeoff between formalism and contextualism and ultimately promotes the rule of law.
 
Abstract: With the merger of law and equity almost complete, the idea of equity as a special part of our legal system or a mode of decision-making has fallen out of view. This Article argues that much of equity is best understood as performing a vital function. Equity and related parts of the law solve complex and uncertain problems—including interdependent behavior and misuses of legal rules by opportunists—and do so in a characteristic fashion: as meta-law. From unconscionability to injunctions, equity makes reference to, supplements, and sometimes overrides the result that law would otherwise produce, while primary law operates without reference to equity. Equity operates on a domain of fraud, accident, and mistake, and employs triggers such as bad faith and disproportionate hardship to toggle into a “meta”-mode of more open-ended scrutiny. This Article provides a theoretical account of how a hybrid law, consisting of relatively simple and general primary-level law and relatively intense and directed second-order equity can regulate behavior better through these specialized modes than would homogeneous law alone. The Article tests this theory on the ostensibly most unpromising aspects of equity, the traditional equitable maxims, as well as equitable fraud, defenses, and remedies. Equity as meta-law sheds light on how the fusion of law and equity spawned multifactor balancing tests, polarized interpretation, and led to the confusion of equity with standards, discretion, purely public law, and “mere” remedies. Viewing equity as meta-law also improves on the tradeoff between formalism and contextualism and ultimately promotes the rule of law.
  
 
*[https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5e6033a4ea02d801f37e15bb/t/6008c722ea949843b4a024e4/1611188002639/nber_portfolio_keynote_paper.pdf COCHRANE: ]  MUST READ
 
*[https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5e6033a4ea02d801f37e15bb/t/6008c722ea949843b4a024e4/1611188002639/nber_portfolio_keynote_paper.pdf COCHRANE: ]  MUST READ
  
*"The Religious Commissions of the Bakongo,"
+
*[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2798802 "The Religious Commissions of the Bakongo,"] Wyatt MacGaffey ''Man'' , Mar., 1970, New Series, Vol. 5, No. 1 (Mar., 1970), pp. 27-38  
Wyatt MacGaffey
 
''Man'' , Mar., 1970, New Series, Vol. 5, No. 1 (Mar., 1970), pp. 27-38
 
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2798802.
 
  
 
*Fiva, J H, and D M Smith (2018), “Political dynasties and the incumbency advantage in party-centered environments”, ''American Political Science Review'' 112(3): 1–7.
 
*Fiva, J H, and D M Smith (2018), “Political dynasties and the incumbency advantage in party-centered environments”, ''American Political Science Review'' 112(3): 1–7.
Line 78: Line 262:
  
 
*Acemoglu, D, G De Feo, G D De Luca and G Russo (2020), “War, socialism and the rise of Fascism: An empirical exploration”, NBER Working Paper 27854.
 
*Acemoglu, D, G De Feo, G D De Luca and G Russo (2020), “War, socialism and the rise of Fascism: An empirical exploration”, NBER Working Paper 27854.
 +
 +
----
  
 
==Political Economy==
 
==Political Economy==
Line 91: Line 277:
  
 
*[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2019.03.002 "The Paradox of Power: Principal-agent problems and administrative capacity in Imperial China (and other absolutist regimes)"],  Debin Ma Jared Rubin  Journal of Comparative Economics Volume 47, Issue 2, June 2019, Pages 277-294 Journal of Comparative Economics.
 
*[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2019.03.002 "The Paradox of Power: Principal-agent problems and administrative capacity in Imperial China (and other absolutist regimes)"],  Debin Ma Jared Rubin  Journal of Comparative Economics Volume 47, Issue 2, June 2019, Pages 277-294 Journal of Comparative Economics.
 +
 +
==Good ArticlesRead Already==
 +
*[https://www.thepsmiths.com/p/review-the-coming-of-conan-the-cimmerian/comments  "review-the-coming-of-conan-the-cimmerian/,"] Jane Psmith, ''Substack'' (2023).
 +
 +
 +
==BOOKS==
 +
*The Transylvanian Trilogy  Miklós Bánffy .Derbysire recommends. Hungary 1904-1, political novel.
 +
 +
*Larry Merchant, The Football Lottery. On sports gambling, round 1975. I read a smaple which was very entertaining. Jeff Sagarin.
 +
 +
*Cixin Liu’s science fiction masterpiece The Three Body Problem.
 +
 +
*How the Mountains Grew, John Dvorak. ***
 +
 +
*The Confessions of Anthony Burgess (''Little Wilson'', ''Big God'' and ''You've Had Your Time'').ORDER
 +
 +
*Lee Kwan Yew,  ''From Third World to First 
 +
''
 +
 +
*''Machete Season,'' about Rwanda massacres
 +
 +
*''Always with Honor.'' General Wrangel's memoirs.
 +
 +
*Chicago Price Theory, Casey Mulligan.***
 +
 +
*Amaryllis Fox,  Life Undercover: Coming of Age in the CIA, published by Knopf Doubleday in October 2019 ***  ORDER
 +
 +
*Steve Sailer:  Anthony Burgess's "Napoleon Symphony" is intentionally too hard to be enjoyable unless you just took a class on Boney. (ordered)
 +
 +
===Books Which Turn Out To Be Bad===
 +
*''The Faraway Tree'', Enid Blyton.*** BOUGHT.OK.
 +
*Walter Murphy's The Vicar of Christ (1979).  BOUGHT BD
 +
*''Miscellany'', autobiography of mathematician Littlewood.***  BOUGHT. Not very good.
 +
 +
 +
===Bought Already===
 +
*Proofs: A Long_Form Textbook, Jay Cummings. BOUGHT
 +
 +
*Steve Sailer: John Updike's "The Coup" -- the memoirs of an African dictator with the prose style of John Updike -- is astonishing and massively informative about Africa.  BOUGHT
 +
*Killing Crazy Horse., Bil LOReilly. Patrick Scott recommends.  BOUGHT
 +
 +
===Recommended===
 +
*from [https://twitter.com/asymmetricinfo/status/1760823364304711871  a Megan tweet]:
 +
**Francis Spufford: Golden Hill.  Tom Rob Smith:  The Secret Speech.  Patrick Rothfuss: Name of the Wind.
 +
**Katherine Addison's The Goblin Emperor
 +
**    My favorite author is John Sandford. The Virgil Flowers books are every one of them delicious. They are police procedurals, and the good guys win while getting some laughs in, but he was a local crime reporter for 20 years and it shows.
 +
**A Gentleman in Moscow.
 +
**The Complete Short Fiction of Clifford D. Simak, 14 volumes.
 +
**“My Uncle Oswald” by Raold Dahl.
 +
 +
**1962 novel Little Fuzzy by H Beam Piper.
 +
**Terry Pratchett's Discworld, if you haven't already. Like Wodehouse GMing a years-long Dungeons and Dragons game. Start either with Guards! Guards! and read the City Watch books, or with Wyrd Sisters and read the Witches books.
 +
**Theft of Fire by Devon Eriksen
 +
**Larry Correia's Monster Hunter International.
  
 
==Other==
 
==Other==
 +
*[https://twitter.com/Rainmaker1973/status/1650852156973658114 Alechemist painting] (1680)
  
Dal Bó, E, P Dal Bó and J Snyder (2009), “Political dynasties”, Review of Economic Studies 76(1): 115–42.
+
*Dal Bó, E, P Dal Bó and J Snyder (2009), “Political dynasties”, Review of Economic Studies 76(1): 115–42.
  
Ma, D (2004). "Growth, institutions and knowledge: a review and reflection on the historiography of 18th–20th century China". Australian economic history review (0004-8992), 44 (3), p. 259.
+
*Ma, D (2004). "Growth, institutions and knowledge: a review and reflection on the historiography of 18th–20th century China". Australian economic history review (0004-8992), 44 (3), p. 259.
  
"From Divergence to Convergence: Reevaluating the History Behind China's Economic
+
*"From Divergence to Convergence: Reevaluating the History Behind China's Economic Boom," Loren Brandt, Debin Ma and Thomas G. Rawski, ''Journal of Economic Literature ,'' MARCH 2014, Vol. 52,
Boom," Loren Brandt, Debin Ma and Thomas G. Rawski, Journal of Economic Literature , MARCH 2014, Vol. 52, No. 1  pp.
 
 
45-123. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24433858
 
45-123. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24433858
  
States and Development: Early Modern India, China, and the Great Divergence
+
*States and Development: Early Modern India, China, and the Great Divergence," Bishnupriya Gupta Debin Ma Tirthankar Roy20 September 2016.
Bishnupriya Gupta Debin Ma Tirthankar Roy
 
  20 September 2016.
 
  
LAW AND ECONOMY IN
+
*LAW AND ECONOMY IN
 
TRADITIONAL CHINA: A "LEGAL
 
TRADITIONAL CHINA: A "LEGAL
ORIGIN" PERSPECTIVE ON THE
+
ORIGIN" PERSPECTIVE ON THE GREAT DIVERGENCE,"
GREAT DIVERGENCE,"
+
Debin Ma, https://personal.lse.ac.uk/MAD1/ma_pdf_files/DP8385.pdf.
Debin Ma , https://personal.lse.ac.uk/MAD1/ma_pdf_files/DP8385.pdf.
 
  
 
"Foreign Education, Ideology, and the
 
"Foreign Education, Ideology, and the
Line 119: Line 356:
 
"Millet, Rice, and Isolation:
 
"Millet, Rice, and Isolation:
 
Origins and Persistence of the World’s Most Enduring Mega-State,"
 
Origins and Persistence of the World’s Most Enduring Mega-State,"
James Kai-sing Kung=
+
James Kai-sing Kung=, Omer ¨ Ozak , Louis Putterman§, and Shuang Shi¶December 20, 2020. https://www.aeaweb.org/aea/2021conference/program/pdf/13681_paper_96AHSRfe.pdf?display . Covered in the Frieden Tuesday Lunch.  
, Omer ¨ Ozak  
 
, Louis Putterman§
 
, and Shuang Shi¶
 
December 20, 2020. https://www.aeaweb.org/aea/2021conference/program/pdf/13681_paper_96AHSRfe.pdf?display . Covered in the Frieden Tuesday Lunch.  
 
 
{{Quotation| We propose and empirically test a theory for the endogenous formation and persistence of large
 
{{Quotation| We propose and empirically test a theory for the endogenous formation and persistence of large
 
states, using China as an example. We suggest that the relative timing of the emergence of agricultural societies and their distance to each other set off a race between autochthonous state-building
 
states, using China as an example. We suggest that the relative timing of the emergence of agricultural societies and their distance to each other set off a race between autochthonous state-building

Latest revision as of 07:48, 3 June 2024

Easy Reading

  • "South side blues: An oral history of the Chicago school"

December 2010Journal of the History of Economic Thought 32(04):495-530 CRAIG FREEDMAN


* https://www.newsweek.com/erecting-wall-separation-between-tech-state-opinion-1757891
  





  • Chessman v. Nainby, 93 Eng. Rep. 819, 821 (1726) (find it)




  • Mann’s most important commentary on Wagner was an address to the Goethe Society of Munich in February 1933 on the fiftieth anniversary of the composer’s death. Entitled 'The Sufferings and Greatness of Richard Wagner',

"It has been recognized that an idol of a Hindu Temple is a juridical person or juristic entity18 and is often commonly referred to as a “deity”.19 The title to properties and endowments can vest in deities such as a Hindu idol, who has to act through a human agency (such as the Shebait).20 A Hindu idol not only has the power of suing and being sued, but can be treated as an “individual” who can be assessed for tax liability."

  • [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1558729 "John W. Tukey: His Life and Professional Contributions," David R. Brillinger, The Annals of Statistics , Dec., 2002, Vol. 30, No. 6 (Dec., 2002), pp. 1535-1575.


  • Ramseyer, JM (1995). "Oko v. Sako: Kyogen and litigation in medieval Japan". Law in Japan (0458-8584), 25 , p. 135.
  • Legarre, S. (2007). "The historical background of the police power. University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law, 9(3), 745-796.

Hard Reading

*some math probelms (2014)

Eggers and Grimmer and somone (2021) on the other side.


  • Henry Kyburg, "Are there Degrees of Belief?" Journal of Applied Logic, 1(3-4), 139-149, 2003.
  • Henry Kyburg, "Keynes as Philosopher" History of Political Economy, 27 (Supplement): 7–32, 1995.

Abstract: With the merger of law and equity almost complete, the idea of equity as a special part of our legal system or a mode of decision-making has fallen out of view. This Article argues that much of equity is best understood as performing a vital function. Equity and related parts of the law solve complex and uncertain problems—including interdependent behavior and misuses of legal rules by opportunists—and do so in a characteristic fashion: as meta-law. From unconscionability to injunctions, equity makes reference to, supplements, and sometimes overrides the result that law would otherwise produce, while primary law operates without reference to equity. Equity operates on a domain of fraud, accident, and mistake, and employs triggers such as bad faith and disproportionate hardship to toggle into a “meta”-mode of more open-ended scrutiny. This Article provides a theoretical account of how a hybrid law, consisting of relatively simple and general primary-level law and relatively intense and directed second-order equity can regulate behavior better through these specialized modes than would homogeneous law alone. The Article tests this theory on the ostensibly most unpromising aspects of equity, the traditional equitable maxims, as well as equitable fraud, defenses, and remedies. Equity as meta-law sheds light on how the fusion of law and equity spawned multifactor balancing tests, polarized interpretation, and led to the confusion of equity with standards, discretion, purely public law, and “mere” remedies. Viewing equity as meta-law also improves on the tradeoff between formalism and contextualism and ultimately promotes the rule of law.

  • Fiva, J H, and D M Smith (2018), “Political dynasties and the incumbency advantage in party-centered environments”, American Political Science Review 112(3): 1–7.
  • Folke, O, T Persson and J Rickne (2017), “Dynastic political rents? Economic benefits to relatives of top politicians”, Economic Journal 127(605): 495–517.
  • Acemoglu, D, G De Feo, G D De Luca and G Russo (2020), “War, socialism and the rise of Fascism: An empirical exploration”, NBER Working Paper 27854.

Political Economy

Good ArticlesRead Already


BOOKS

  • The Transylvanian Trilogy Miklós Bánffy .Derbysire recommends. Hungary 1904-1, political novel.
  • Larry Merchant, The Football Lottery. On sports gambling, round 1975. I read a smaple which was very entertaining. Jeff Sagarin.
  • Cixin Liu’s science fiction masterpiece The Three Body Problem.
  • How the Mountains Grew, John Dvorak. ***
  • The Confessions of Anthony Burgess (Little Wilson, Big God and You've Had Your Time).ORDER
  • Lee Kwan Yew, From Third World to First

  • Machete Season, about Rwanda massacres
  • Always with Honor. General Wrangel's memoirs.
  • Chicago Price Theory, Casey Mulligan.***
  • Amaryllis Fox, Life Undercover: Coming of Age in the CIA, published by Knopf Doubleday in October 2019 *** ORDER
  • Steve Sailer: Anthony Burgess's "Napoleon Symphony" is intentionally too hard to be enjoyable unless you just took a class on Boney. (ordered)

Books Which Turn Out To Be Bad

  • The Faraway Tree, Enid Blyton.*** BOUGHT.OK.
  • Walter Murphy's The Vicar of Christ (1979). BOUGHT BD
  • Miscellany, autobiography of mathematician Littlewood.*** BOUGHT. Not very good.


Bought Already

  • Proofs: A Long_Form Textbook, Jay Cummings. BOUGHT
  • Steve Sailer: John Updike's "The Coup" -- the memoirs of an African dictator with the prose style of John Updike -- is astonishing and massively informative about Africa. BOUGHT
  • Killing Crazy Horse., Bil LOReilly. Patrick Scott recommends. BOUGHT

Recommended

  • from a Megan tweet:
    • Francis Spufford: Golden Hill. Tom Rob Smith: The Secret Speech. Patrick Rothfuss: Name of the Wind.
    • Katherine Addison's The Goblin Emperor
    • My favorite author is John Sandford. The Virgil Flowers books are every one of them delicious. They are police procedurals, and the good guys win while getting some laughs in, but he was a local crime reporter for 20 years and it shows.
    • A Gentleman in Moscow.
**The Complete Short Fiction of Clifford D. Simak, 14 volumes.
    • “My Uncle Oswald” by Raold Dahl.
    • 1962 novel Little Fuzzy by H Beam Piper.
    • Terry Pratchett's Discworld, if you haven't already. Like Wodehouse GMing a years-long Dungeons and Dragons game. Start either with Guards! Guards! and read the City Watch books, or with Wyrd Sisters and read the Witches books.
    • Theft of Fire by Devon Eriksen
    • Larry Correia's Monster Hunter International.

Other

  • Dal Bó, E, P Dal Bó and J Snyder (2009), “Political dynasties”, Review of Economic Studies 76(1): 115–42.
  • Ma, D (2004). "Growth, institutions and knowledge: a review and reflection on the historiography of 18th–20th century China". Australian economic history review (0004-8992), 44 (3), p. 259.
  • "From Divergence to Convergence: Reevaluating the History Behind China's Economic Boom," Loren Brandt, Debin Ma and Thomas G. Rawski, Journal of Economic Literature , MARCH 2014, Vol. 52,

45-123. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24433858

  • States and Development: Early Modern India, China, and the Great Divergence," Bishnupriya Gupta Debin Ma Tirthankar Roy20 September 2016.
  • LAW AND ECONOMY IN

TRADITIONAL CHINA: A "LEGAL ORIGIN" PERSPECTIVE ON THE GREAT DIVERGENCE," Debin Ma, https://personal.lse.ac.uk/MAD1/ma_pdf_files/DP8385.pdf.

"Foreign Education, Ideology, and the Fall of Imperial China," James Kai-sing KUNG† Alina Yue WANG‡ https://www.aeaweb.org/aea/2021conference/program/pdf/13683_paper_dhQ7DbF9.pdf?display. This paper is an example of one with links between text mentions of papers and the reference section. But not two-way.

"Millet, Rice, and Isolation: Origins and Persistence of the World’s Most Enduring Mega-State," James Kai-sing Kung=, Omer ¨ Ozak , Louis Putterman§, and Shuang Shi¶December 20, 2020. https://www.aeaweb.org/aea/2021conference/program/pdf/13681_paper_96AHSRfe.pdf?display . Covered in the Frieden Tuesday Lunch.

We propose and empirically test a theory for the endogenous formation and persistence of large

states, using China as an example. We suggest that the relative timing of the emergence of agricultural societies and their distance to each other set off a race between autochthonous state-building projects and the expansion of neighboring (proto-)states. Using a novel dataset on the Chinese state’s historical presence, the timing of agricultural adoption, social complexity, climate, and geography across 1×1 degree grid cells in East Asia, we provide empirical support for this hypothesis. Specifically, we find that on average, cells that adopted agriculture earlier or were close to the earliest archaic state in East Asia (Erlitou) remained longer under Sinitic control. In contrast, earlier adoption of agriculture decreased the persistent control of the Chinese state in cells farther than 2.8 weeks of travel from Erlitou.